jsmith

Jsmith is a random Java program generator. The project is largely inspired by csmith, a tool for the C language. The primary purpose of the library is to provide classes for generating random Java programs to test Java compilers or translators.

If you need to generate random Java programs for any other purpose, you can also give Jsmith a try.

How to Add

The library is available on Maven Central. To add it to your project, add the following snippet to your pom.xml:

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.github.volodya-lombrozo</groupId>
  <artifactId>jsmith</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.3</version>
</dependency>

How to Use

The library provides a set of classes for generating random Java programs. To generate a random class you can use the following code:

import com.github.lombrozo.jsmith.RandomJavaClass;

public class App {
    public static void main(String... args) {
        RandomJavaClass clazz = new RandomJavaClass();
        // Generate source code of the class
        String code = clazz.src();
        System.out.println("Generated code:" + code);
    }
}

Under the Hood

jsmith uses an ANTLR grammar to generate random Java programs. It scans the grammar and creates a random program generator based on the grammar rules. Later, this random program generator is used to produce random Java programs. In fact, jsmith can generate programs in any language, not just Java. Below is an example of the Arithmetic grammar and an explanation of how to generate random programs based on this grammar:

grammar Arithmetic;

prog: stat+ ;

stat: expr NEWLINE
    | ID '=' expr NEWLINE
    | NEWLINE
    ;

expr: expr ('*' | '/' ) expr
    | expr ('+' | '-' ) expr
    | INT
    | ID
    | '(' expr ')'
    ;

ID  : [a-zA-Z]+ ;
INT : [0-9]+ ;
NEWLINE: '\r'? '\n' ;
WS  : [ \t]+ -> skip ;

import com.github.lombrozo.jsmith.RandomScript;

public class App {
    public static void main(final String... args) {
        final RandomScript script = new RandomScript(
            new ResourceOf("grammars/Arithmetic.g4")
        );
        // 'stat' is the name of the start rule in the grammar
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
            final String code = script.generate("stat");
            System.out.println(code);
        }
    }
}

This code will generate random arithmetic expressions that are syntactically correct:

((78692*(414))*(68))*(705*((51777)))
JJ=((762)*08511*(4)*(36*3)+((87082)*(48)+501)+(1*41088)*(((24)))*(42*(8892))+((7604*(16)))*(93416*(4780)))+(((6355)*99559*2828+6853*(6*69501)+80409*37*17602*4*029))+(((1944*2+06*47*0))*((1418+82*(11)))*29874+((4805*10731*6439+7507)))+(((287*81457+659*7020*587*80*(32603+5587))*((8274*1738*12910*193))+515*65498*(6+89*62793)))+(((31*21710+(0710)*99*527+80509*46496*084*(3)*51*81218+(97024*693*81*09674)+94486*609+(538*6667)*453*(45973)+48*(36908*69924*(4589+3*3*4*9+4*663)))))
hf=158*49799
73*15*62865
50457
H=3*674*239*1*87
((281))
(((jmWCL/f/ahfrc/(fhtQ))))
d=GAw*IUFjX*Z*INgwx
0527*0106-482*49100*0-381*0292-866-7*79-40-59-9*30*5729*7-90283*021-49

Semantic Aware Generation

The library can generate the simple Java programs that syntactically correct. To guide the generation of semantically correct programs, we use special annotations in the grammar. They are not a part of the ANTLR grammar, but they might be used to generate generation.

Here is the example of such annotations:

grammar Arithmetic;

prog: stat+ ;

stat: expr NEWLINE
    | /* $jsmith-var-init */ /* $jsmith-var-target */ /* $jsmith-var-decl */ ID '=' expr NEWLINE
    ;

expr: expr ('*' | '/' ) expr
    | expr ('+' | '-' ) expr
    | INT
    | /* $jsmith-var-use */ ID
    | '(' expr ')'
    ;

ID  : [a-zA-Z] ;
INT : [0-9] ;
NEWLINE: '\r'? '\n' ;
WS  : [ \t] -> skip ;

Pay attention to the $jsmith-var-init, $jsmith-var-target and $jsmith-var-use annotations in comments. They help the generator understand the context of the program and generate semantically correct programs, such as the following (real generated strings):

O=(8+4)
O=(O+O)/2*6

4
((5))/0+8*5
T=6
2
T=0*T-3/(T)

I=0*1-((7))*((0))-((8))
Q=5-6+6*I
(I+I)
I=3
C=Q/Q

K=8
K=K
2/9

Now expressions use only the initialized variables, and the variables are initialized before they are used.

Here is a full list of supported annotations:

• $jsmith-var-decl - variable declaration, in some language it might be required to declare a variable before using it like int x;. This annotation should be attached to a terminal usage in parser rules.
• $jsmith-var-init - variable initialization, like x = 5; this annotation is applicable only to the parser option rule that contains $jsmith-var-target
• $jsmith-var-target - variable initialization target (target->)x = 5;. This annotation is attached to the token usage in a parser rule.
• $jsmith-var-use - variable usage, like x in x * 2;
• $jsmith-unique - unique value, if it generates already used value, it should be regenerated.
• $jsmith-scope - scope, like {} in if (x > 5) { x = 5; }, it helps to separate identifiers in different scopes.

How to Contribute

Fork repository, make changes, send us a pull request. We will review your changes and apply them to the main branch shortly, provided they don't violate our quality standards. To avoid frustration, before sending us your pull request, please run full Maven build:

$ mvn clean install -Pqulice

You will need Maven 3.3+ and Java 8+ installed.