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QuickStart for msgpack java 0.6.x (obsolete)
- For the latest version, look at https://github.com/msgpack/msgpack-java
- Install
- Install from Maven2 repository
- Install from git repository
- How to use
- Make a message-packable class
- Serialization without annotations
- Optional fields
- Dynamic typing
- More docs
- API Reference
This tutorial provides a quick introduction to using msgpack-java. We will first introduce the installation of msgpack-java, then show how to serialize/deserizalize objects as msgpack objects.
You can install msgpack-java in two way - downloading with maven or building jar.
MessagePack for Java is released on Maven central repository. You can configure your pom.xml as follows to use it:
<dependencies>
...
<dependency>
<groupId>org.msgpack</groupId>
<artifactId>msgpack</artifactId>
<version>${msgpack.version}</version>
</dependency>
...
</dependencies>Replace ${msgpack.version} with the current version of MessagePack for Java, which you can find on the maven central repository.
You can get latest source code using git.
$ git clone [email protected]:msgpack/msgpack-java.git
$ cd msgpack-java
$ mvn package
Then you'll get the msgpack jar file in msgpack-java/target directory. You also need https://code.google.com/p/json-simple/ and https://github.com/jboss-javassist/javassist for this to be usable. Otherwise you will receive a NoClassDefFoundError.
The annotation @Message enables you to serialize "public" fields in objects of your own classes like this.
import org.msgpack.MessagePack;
import org.msgpack.annotation.Message;
public class Main1 {
@Message // Annotation
public static class MyMessage {
// public fields are serialized.
public String name;
public double version;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
MyMessage src = new MyMessage();
src.name = "msgpack";
src.version = 0.6;
MessagePack msgpack = new MessagePack();
// Serialize
byte[] bytes = msgpack.write(src);
// Deserialize
MyMessage dst = msgpack.read(bytes, MyMessage.class);
}
}If you want to serialize multiple objects sequentially, you can use Packer and Unpacker objects. This is because MessagePack.write(Object) and read(byte[]) method invocations create Packer and Unpacker objects every times. To use Packer and Unpacker objects, call createPacker(OutputStream) and createUnpacker(InputStream).
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import org.msgpack.MessagePack;
import org.msgpack.annotation.Message;
import org.msgpack.packer.Packer;
import org.msgpack.unpacker.Unpacker;
public class Main2 {
@Message
public static class MyMessage {
public String name;
public double version;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
MyMessage src1 = new MyMessage();
src1.name = "msgpack";
src1.version = 0.6;
MyMessage src2 = new MyMessage();
src2.name = "muga";
src2.version = 10.0;
MyMessage src3 = new MyMessage();
src3.name = "frsyukik";
src3.version = 1.0;
MessagePack msgpack = new MessagePack();
//
// Serialize
//
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
Packer packer = msgpack.createPacker(out);
packer.write(src1);
packer.write(src2);
packer.write(src3);
byte[] bytes = out.toByteArray();
//
// Deserialize
//
ByteArrayInputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
Unpacker unpacker = msgpack.createUnpacker(in);
MyMessage dst1 = unpacker.read(MyMessage.class);
MyMessage dst2 = unpacker.read(MyMessage.class);
MyMessage dst3 = unpacker.read(MyMessage.class);
}
}The classes Packer/Unpacker allows serializing/deserializing values of various types as follows. They enable serializing/deserializing values of various types like values of primitive types, values of primitive wrapper classes, String objects, byte[] objects, ByteBuffer objects and so on. As mentioned above, they also enable serializing/deserizing objects of your own classes annotated by @Message.
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import org.msgpack.MessagePack;
import org.msgpack.packer.Packer;
import org.msgpack.unpacker.Unpacker;
public class Main3 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
MessagePack msgpack = new MessagePack();
//
// Serialization
//
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
Packer packer = msgpack.createPacker(out);
// Serialize values of primitive types
packer.write(true); // boolean value
packer.write(10); // int value
packer.write(10.5); // double value
// Serialize objects of primitive wrapper types
packer.write(Boolean.TRUE);
packer.write(new Integer(10));
packer.write(new Double(10.5));
// Serialize various types of arrays
packer.write(new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4 });
packer.write(new Double[] { 10.5, 20.5 });
packer.write(new String[] { "msg", "pack", "for", "java" });
packer.write(new byte[] { 0x30, 0x31, 0x32 }); // byte array
// Serialize various types of other reference values
packer.write("MessagePack"); // String object
packer.write(ByteBuffer.wrap(new byte[] { 0x30, 0x31, 0x32 })); // ByteBuffer object
packer.write(BigInteger.ONE); // BigInteger object
//
// Deserialization
//
byte[] bytes = out.toByteArray();
ByteArrayInputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
Unpacker unpacker = msgpack.createUnpacker(in);
// to primitive values
boolean b = unpacker.readBoolean(); // boolean value
int i = unpacker.readInt(); // int value
double d = unpacker.readDouble(); // double value
// to primitive wrapper value
Boolean wb = unpacker.read(Boolean.class);
Integer wi = unpacker.read(Integer.class);
Double wd = unpacker.read(Double.class);
// to arrays
int[] ia = unpacker.read(int[].class);
Double[] da = unpacker.read(Double[].class);
String[] sa = unpacker.read(String[].class);
byte[] ba = unpacker.read(byte[].class);
// to String object, ByteBuffer object, BigInteger object, List object and Map object
String ws = unpacker.read(String.class);
ByteBuffer buf = unpacker.read(ByteBuffer.class);
BigInteger bi = unpacker.read(BigInteger.class);
}
}The methods Packer#write() allow serializing various types of data.
The class Unpacker provides deserialization methods for deserializing binary to primitive values. For example, if you want to deserialize binary to value of boolean (or int) type, you can use readBoolean (or readInt) method in Unpacker. Unpacker also provides read methods for reference values. Its methods allow deserializing binary to values of references which types you specified as parameters. For example, if you want to deserialize binary to String (or byte[]) object, you have to describe a call of read(String.class) (or read(byte[].class)) method.
To serialize generic container objects like List and Map objects, you can use Template. Template objects are pairs of serializer and deserializer. For example, to serialize a List object that has Integer objects as elements, you create the Template object by the following way.
Template listTmpl = Templates.tList(Templates.TInteger);The classes tList, TInteger are static method and field in Templates. A simple example of List and Map objects is shown in the following.
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.util.*;
import org.msgpack.MessagePack;
import org.msgpack.packer.Packer;
import org.msgpack.template.Template;
import org.msgpack.unpacker.Unpacker;
import static org.msgpack.template.Templates.tList;
import static org.msgpack.template.Templates.tMap;
import static org.msgpack.template.Templates.TString;
public class Main4 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
MessagePack msgpack = new MessagePack();
// Create templates for serializing/deserializing List and Map objects
Template<List<String>> listTmpl = tList(TString);
Template<Map<String, String>> mapTmpl = tMap(TString, TString);
//
// Serialization
//
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
Packer packer = msgpack.createPacker(out);
// Serialize List object
List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
list.add("msgpack");
list.add("for");
list.add("java");
packer.write(list); // List object
// Serialize Map object
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put("sadayuki", "furuhashi");
map.put("muga", "nishizawa");
packer.write(map); // Map object
//
// Deserialization
//
byte[] bytes = out.toByteArray();
ByteArrayInputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
Unpacker unpacker = msgpack.createUnpacker(in);
// to List object
List<String> dstList = unpacker.read(listTmpl);
// to Map object
Map<String, String> dstMap = unpacker.read(mapTmpl);
}
}If you cannot append @Message to classes representing objects that you want to serialize, register method enables you to serialize the objects of the classes.
MessagePack msgpack = new MessagePack();
msgpack.register(MyMessage2.class);
For example, if MyMessage2 class is included in external library, you cannot easily modify the class declaration and append @Message to it. register method allows to generate a pair of serializer and deserializer for MyMessage2 class automatically. You can serialize objects of MyMessage2 class after executing the method.
You can add new fields maintaining the compatibility. Use the @Optional in the new fields.
@Message
public static class MyMessage {
public String name;
public double version;
// new field
@Optional
public int flag = 0;
}If you try to deserialize the old version data, optional fields will be ignored.
As Java is a static typing language, MessagePack has achieved dynamic typing with Value. Value has methods that checks its own type (isIntegerType(), isArrayType(), etc ...) and also converts to its own type (asStringValue(), convert(Template)).
import java.util.*;
import org.msgpack.MessagePack;
import org.msgpack.type.Value;
import org.msgpack.unpacker.Converter;
import static org.msgpack.template.Templates.*;
public class Main5 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// Create serialize objects.
List<String> src = new ArrayList<String>();
src.add("msgpack");
src.add("kumofs");
src.add("viver");
MessagePack msgpack = new MessagePack();
// Serialize
byte[] raw = msgpack.write(src);
// Deserialize directly using a template
List<String> dst1 = msgpack.read(raw, tList(TString));
// Or, Deserialze to Value then convert type.
Value dynamic = msgpack.read(raw);
List<String> dst2 = new Converter(dynamic).read(tList(TString));
}
}