+
+# **E-Waste Bin**
+
+## **Abstract**
+
+The E-Waste Bin is a smart bin which can collect and segregate 5 types
+of waste namely Phones, Headphones, Watches, Mouses and chargers.
+
+
+
+
+## **Motivation**
+
+Nowadays, we are facing significant issues with E-Waste, they are
+hazardous to the environment if not disposed of properly, and some of
+this waste can be recycled easily. We need to collect them and segregate
+them for proper disposal or recycling, and this E-Waste Bin can be
+beneficial in doing so.
+
+Also one must gain valuable experience in working with sensors and
+**Arduino**, making physical models, and digital models on software like
+**Solidworks**.
+
+**Components**
+
+- Stepper motor & drivers L298n x2
+- Load cell & Hx711 x1
+- Arduino mega x1
+- Ultrasonic sensor x2
+- Dustbin x1
+- Webcam x1
+- Flywheel frame x1
+- Pi-shaped panel x2
+- Rectangular flap x1
+- Circular disk x1
+- Rectangular cardboard x5
+- Aluminium rods x5
+- Angle brackets x5
+
+## **Workflow**
+
+
+
+
+## **Mechanical Aspect of the Design**
+
+**BIN**
+
+The Bin is a standard-sized P.V.C. dust bin with a circular face;
+
+**Pi shaped panels**
+
+Two pi-shaped panels were cut out from thick cardboard. They are holding
+Load cell between them attached with nut and bolts, and a small sector
+from the lower panel is removed with centres of both coinciding, and
+thus the emerging part of the upper pane is attached to the Stepper
+motor.
+
+**Fly-Wheel**
+
+It was cut out from a wooden panel, the spikes are strengthened by
+attaching aluminium strips. The solid circle in the centre holds the
+stepper motor (which is rotating the Pi-shaped panel) along the central
+axis of the bin, it works as a frame for cardboards used for inner
+partitioning in the bin and it also works as a base for the circular
+disk working as an upper lid.
+
+This Flywheel is placed on the top of the bin, fixed by nuts and bolts.
+
+**Flap and Upper lid**
+
+The upper lid which is a wooden circular disk is standing on the
+flywheel frame by five aluminium rods.
+
+A stepper motor is fixed on the centre of the lid along the central axis
+and its rotating part is holding the wooden flap. The height of lid so
+adjusted that it leaves a gap of 1cm between flap and Pi panels.
+
+
+
+
+## **Electronics Aspect of the Design**
+
+**Stepper motor**
+
+The bin uses two 12-volt stepper motors, 200 steps per rotation. These
+motors are controlled by L298n stepper drivers.
+
+Using the stepper motor along with drivers provide rotations at required
+angles with precision at a faster speed, increasing the accuracy of the
+bin and saving time consumed in motion.
+
+
+
+**Arduino Mega**
+
+- It has a large number of pins, hence all the sensors and motors can
+ be connected easily.
+- Can be used for years as, 4 KB of EEPROM space available.
+
+
+
+
+**Load-cell & HX711**
+
+- We used 1 Kg load cell with HX711 ADC chip.
+- The strain gauge provides it a high precision, it can measure very
+ slight changes in weights making it suitable for lighter electronic
+ waste like earphones.
+
+
+
+**Ultra sonic sensor (HC-SR04)**
+
+- It can calculate accurate position of an object across two meters.
+- We have used it to control when to energise the Load cell and HX711
+ which increases their life.
+
+**Object Detection**
+
+- Object detection is done by using Ultralytics Model based on YOLOv5
+ and Pytorch and is trained over the custom dataset.
+- YOLOv5 is one of the most high-performing object detectors out
+ there. It is fast, has high accuracy and is incredibly easy to
+ train.
+
+**Cost Structure**
+
+ -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+ | **Components** | **Quantity** | **Cost(INR.)** |
+ | :-----------------------: | :--------------: | :---------------------: |
+ | Motor Driver L2898 | 2 | 240 |
+ | | | |
+ | Stepper Motors | 2 | 2050 |
+ | | | |
+ | Arduino Mega | 1 | 2200 |
+ | | | |
+ | 12v Battery | 1 | 900 |
+ | | | |
+ | Ultrasonic Sensor | 2 | 100 |
+ | | | |
+ | Load Cell | 1 | 520 |
+ | | | |
+ | HX711 | 1 | 150 |
+ | | | |
+ | Dustbin | 1 | 750 |
+ | | | | | | |
+ | **Total** | | 6,910 |
+
+## **Applications**
+
+- Collects and Segregates the E-Waste.
+- Increases the recyclability of E-Wastes.
+- Can be applied with a reward/royalty point-based system.
+
+## **Limitations**
+
+- Can only able to collect & separate only a few specific wastes like
+ chargers, Mouse, smartphones etc.
+- Object detection is carried out on a laptop.
+- If modified for segregation in more categories then, it will consume
+ a large space.
+- It's hard to empty the bin, one needs to completely remove the upper
+ portion for doing.
+
+> ## **Future Improvements**
+
+- We can use Rasberry pi to carry out image processing and object
+ detection and can add some more sensors to carry out segregation on
+ basis of recyclability making it more practical.
+- Can be applied with an online reward-based mechanism to make it more
+ appealing.
+
+## **Team Members**
+
+1. [Aastha Tembhare](https://github.com/Aastha-tembhare)
+2. [Jitesh Bhati](https://github.com/jiteshbhati305)
+3. [Kaivalya](https://github.com/kai-013)
+4. [Shreya Mittal](https://github.com/ShreyaMittalSM)
+
+## **Mentors**
+
+1. [Abhay Pratap Singh](https://github.com/DarthEkLen)
+2. [Harikhrishnan P.B.](https://github.com/MurkeyCube)
+3. [Sanjeev Krishnan](https://github.com/SanjeevKrishnan)
+
+## **References**
+
+- [HX711 module](https://youtu.be/sxzoAGf1kOo)
+- [Ultralytics github](https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov5)
+- [LabelImg](https://github.com/heartexlabs/labelImg)
+- [SolidWorks tutorials](https://youtu.be/36Bry_57Pcc)
+- [Yolo Drowsiness Detection](https://github.com/nicknochnack/YOLO-Drowsiness-Detection)
+- [Coustom dataset training Yolov5](https://youtu.be/80Q3HIBy7Qg)
+- [Arduino tutorial](https://randomnerdtutorials.com/arduino-load-cell-hx711)
+
+
+