i18n.go

// Copyright 2014 The Macaron Authors
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"): you may
// not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
// a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
// WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
// License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

// Package i18n provides an Internationalization and Localization middleware for Macaron applications.
package i18n

import (
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
	"os"
	"path"
	"strings"

	"github.com/unknwon/i18n"
	"golang.org/x/text/language"
	"gopkg.in/macaron.v1"
	"gopkg.in/macaron.v1/cookie"
)

// isFile returns true if given path is a file,
// or returns false when it's a directory or does not exist.
func isFile(filePath string) bool {
	f, e := os.Stat(filePath)
	if e != nil {
		return false
	}
	return !f.IsDir()
}

// initLocales initializes language type list and Accept-Language header matcher.
func initLocales(opt Options) language.Matcher {
	tags := make([]language.Tag, len(opt.Langs))
	for i, lang := range opt.Langs {
		tags[i] = language.Raw.Make(lang)
		fname := fmt.Sprintf(opt.Format, lang)
		// Append custom locale file.
		custom := []interface{}{}
		customPath := path.Join(opt.CustomDirectory, fname)
		if isFile(customPath) {
			custom = append(custom, customPath)
		}

		var locale interface{}
		if data, ok := opt.Files[fname]; ok {
			locale = data
		} else {
			locale = path.Join(opt.Directory, fname)
		}

		err := i18n.SetMessageWithDesc(lang, opt.Names[i], locale, custom...)
		if err != nil && err != i18n.ErrLangAlreadyExist {
			panic(fmt.Errorf("fail to set message file(%s): %v", lang, err))
		}
	}
	return language.NewMatcher(tags)
}

// A Locale describles the information of localization.
type Locale struct {
	i18n.Locale
}

// Language returns language current locale represents.
func (l Locale) Language() string {
	return l.Lang
}

// Options represents a struct for specifying configuration options for the i18n middleware.
type Options struct {
	// Suburl of path. Default is empty.
	SubURL string
	// Directory to load locale files. Default is "conf/locale"
	Directory string
	// File stores actual data of locale files. Used for in-memory purpose.
	Files map[string][]byte
	// Custom directory to overload locale files. Default is "custom/conf/locale"
	CustomDirectory string
	// Langauges that will be supported, order is meaningful.
	Langs []string
	// Human friendly names corresponding to Langs list.
	Names []string
	// Default language locale, leave empty to remain unset.
	DefaultLang string
	// Locale file naming style. Default is "locale_%s.ini".
	Format string
	// Name of language parameter name in URL. Default is "lang".
	Parameter string
	// Redirect when user uses get parameter to specify language.
	Redirect bool
	// Name that maps into template variable. Default is "i18n".
	TmplName string
	// Configuration section name. Default is "i18n".
	Section string
	// Domain used for `lang` cookie. Default is ""
	CookieDomain string
	// Set the Secure flag on the `lang` cookie. Default is disabled.
	Secure bool
	// Set the HTTP Only flag on the `lang` cookie. Default is disabled.
	CookieHttpOnly bool
	// Set the SameSite flag on the `lang` cookie. Default is unset.
	SameSite http.SameSite
}

func prepareOptions(options []Options) Options {
	var opt Options
	if len(options) > 0 {
		opt = options[0]
	}

	if len(opt.Section) == 0 {
		opt.Section = "i18n"
	}
	sec := macaron.Config().Section(opt.Section)

	opt.SubURL = strings.TrimSuffix(opt.SubURL, "/")

	if len(opt.Langs) == 0 {
		opt.Langs = sec.Key("LANGS").Strings(",")
	}
	if len(opt.Names) == 0 {
		opt.Names = sec.Key("NAMES").Strings(",")
	}
	if len(opt.Langs) == 0 {
		panic("no language is specified")
	} else if len(opt.Langs) != len(opt.Names) {
		panic("length of langs is not same as length of names")
	}
	i18n.SetDefaultLang(opt.DefaultLang)

	if len(opt.Directory) == 0 {
		opt.Directory = sec.Key("DIRECTORY").MustString("conf/locale")
	}
	if len(opt.CustomDirectory) == 0 {
		opt.CustomDirectory = sec.Key("CUSTOM_DIRECTORY").MustString("custom/conf/locale")
	}
	if len(opt.Format) == 0 {
		opt.Format = sec.Key("FORMAT").MustString("locale_%s.ini")
	}
	if len(opt.Parameter) == 0 {
		opt.Parameter = sec.Key("PARAMETER").MustString("lang")
	}
	if !opt.Redirect {
		opt.Redirect = sec.Key("REDIRECT").MustBool()
	}
	if len(opt.TmplName) == 0 {
		opt.TmplName = sec.Key("TMPL_NAME").MustString("i18n")
	}
	if opt.SameSite == 0 {
		opt.SameSite = http.SameSite(sec.Key("SAME_SITE").MustInt())
	}
	return opt
}

type LangType struct {
	Lang, Name string
}

// I18n is a middleware provides localization layer for your application.
// Paramenter langs must be in the form of "en-US", "zh-CN", etc.
// Otherwise it may not recognize browser input.
func I18n(options ...Options) macaron.Handler {
	opt := prepareOptions(options)
	m := initLocales(opt)
	return func(ctx *macaron.Context) {
		isNeedRedir := false
		hasCookie := false

		// 1. Check URL arguments.
		lang := ctx.Query(opt.Parameter)

		// 2. Get language information from cookies.
		if len(lang) == 0 {
			lang = ctx.GetCookie("lang")
			hasCookie = true
		} else {
			isNeedRedir = true
		}

		// Check again in case someone modify by purpose.
		if !i18n.IsExist(lang) {
			lang = ""
			isNeedRedir = false
			hasCookie = false
		}

		// 3. Get language information from 'Accept-Language'.
		// The first element in the list is chosen to be the default language automatically.
		if len(lang) == 0 {
			tags, _, _ := language.ParseAcceptLanguage(ctx.Req.Header.Get("Accept-Language"))
			tag, _, _ := m.Match(tags...)
			lang = tag.String()
			isNeedRedir = false
		}

		curLang := LangType{
			Lang: lang,
		}

		// Save language information in cookies.
		if !hasCookie {
			ctx.SetCookie("lang", curLang.Lang, 1<<31-1, "/"+strings.TrimPrefix(opt.SubURL, "/"), opt.CookieDomain, opt.Secure, opt.CookieHttpOnly, cookie.SameSite(opt.SameSite))
		}

		restLangs := make([]LangType, 0, i18n.Count()-1)
		langs := i18n.ListLangs()
		names := i18n.ListLangDescs()
		for i, v := range langs {
			if lang != v {
				restLangs = append(restLangs, LangType{v, names[i]})
			} else {
				curLang.Name = names[i]
			}
		}

		// Set language properties.
		locale := Locale{Locale: i18n.Locale{Lang: lang}}
		ctx.Map(locale)
		ctx.Locale = locale
		ctx.Data[opt.TmplName] = locale
		ctx.Data["Tr"] = i18n.Tr
		ctx.Data["Lang"] = locale.Lang
		ctx.Data["LangName"] = curLang.Name
		ctx.Data["AllLangs"] = append([]LangType{curLang}, restLangs...)
		ctx.Data["RestLangs"] = restLangs

		if opt.Redirect && isNeedRedir {
			ctx.Redirect(opt.SubURL + path.Clean(ctx.Req.RequestURI[:strings.Index(ctx.Req.RequestURI, "?")]))
		}
	}
}